In the back and lumbar regions, pain is one of the most common complaints in medicine.It is in second place in the number of appeals, only for respiratory diseases.There are many pathological pathologies to the lower back, but very often the cause of the lumbar region osteochondrosis.The following should be taken into account for the treatment of such a disease with symptoms and signs.
Not so long ago, medicine believed that osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral class had only the consequences of age -related changes that bring the vertebrae and intervertebral plates.Nowadays, however, the age attribute is not exceptional and osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine is diagnosed in various age groups.To this day, the age of the slaughter is considered for more than 25 years
The causes of the appearance of osteochondrosis of the lower back
It is impossible to name the exact cause, and will almost always be a comprehensive effect of various devastating factors, the most important can be distinguished:
- To follow a passive lifestyleIn terms of motor activity.According to their own will, immobilized people, for example, spending many hours on their computer, do not get a useful load, so the "corset" muscle increases and the load on the vertebrae increases.In addition, such a pastime is almost always related to the long stay of bad and unnatural poses.
- Hormonal background problems, which leads to metabolic violations that affect the metabolism of spine tissues in the lower back and contribute to destructive processes.This includes endocrine diseases.
- Presence of congenital or acquired deviations, when the muscle bone system goes through certain changes.This is reflected in the increased load of the spinal column, such as patients, legs or spinal curvature.
- Chronic increased loadsOn the lower back.Here, there are people who have some types of professional activities, usually for lifting weights.This includes professional athletes who are constantly filling their bodies at a top load.
- Damaged meal and daily routine- This also includes regular stress.These factors are reflected in metabolic processes and affect the periodic restoration of their forces.
The degree of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine
The above pathological factors gradually lead to the manifestation of the disease.At the same time, it can be manifested in various ways, initially almost asymptomatic or tolerant pain of late development.Note the main degree of development of osteochondrosis:
- The situation in which the jet seed moves on the intervertebral plate.This is characterized by pain caused by irritation of the nerve root of the fibrous ring and the nerve root of longitudinal ligaments.The inconvenience can be felt locally in the place where a defective disk is placed.Pain can be sharp with rogues or constant stupid.
- When the fibrous layer of the intervertebral disk is destroyed, the mobility of the spinal column elements in this area increases and becomes unstable relative to one another.In order to eliminate these pathological manifestations, you must keep the tension of this zone muscles, which will lead to chronic fatigue in the lower back.
- Then there is a breakthrough in the fibrous ring, so the core exits the plate and forms the intervertebral hernia.Such a case is accompanied by an excess of the end of the nerves, called "radicular syndrome".
- The next degree of osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral class is done with severe deformation of the spine in this section.There are problems with mobility, but the pain syndrome, strangely at this stage, disappears.However, you should not be happy, it does not speak at all about the fading of the disease.
- The last degree is characterized by pathological growth of bone tissue and general deterioration in the well.
Certain treatment methods are used based on the degree of osteochondrosis of the lower back.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis in the lower back
The main symptom is lumbar spine combat syndrome.At the same time, the feelings of pain, the zone of localization and the direction of spread may vary.This is due to the fact that the degree of intervertebral disc and tissue damage were annoyed by certain nerve receptors.In addition, the role of prominence or direct hernia, the direction of its protrusion and many other factors.
The main symptoms of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine are as follows:
- The presence of sore lower back pain, which is prone to sharp mobility, or vice versa, remains without changing your posture for a long time.The pain retracts when it is in a horizontal position.
- In addition, the weakness of the body is likely to be below the abdomen, including the lower limbs, as well as the boring tendons of the legs.
- It is very likely that the presence of curvature in the lumbar spine.Such curvature classification, for example, on the right or on the left, speaks of skoliosis, the lordosis is called the bending position, and the kyphosis is called when the natural lumbar bend, as it was, is smoothed.
- With the great development of severe development of the disease, spinal cord channels are possible, which can cause dysfunction and lead to uncontrolled urine and stools.
Further symptoms note:
- The presence of numbness and the "coldness" of the lower back and the bottom of the bottom.
- Peeling, dry and blue skin in the same place.
- Impaired urination.
- Problems of erection.
The presence of these symptoms must warn man, you cannot wave their hands on them, which only leads to greater negligence.In this case, be sure to consult your doctor for accurate diagnosis and treatment.By the way, treatment can be in a hospital and at home, but later on.
Diagnosis of the disease
When diagnosed, it is important to understand the extent to which the disease occurs.The simplest method is the lower back palpation by identifying pain zones.This method is usually not information and with tests that give a more detailed clinical picture:
- By radiography, cheap and widespread method, can be evaluated as a whole of the spine as a whole and each vertebrae, such as the lumbar region tested.The technique is not very accurate, only an indirect understanding of the integrated intervertebral plates and spinal canals.
- Computer tomographyA more accurate method is to assess the level of damage between discs, nerve roots and channels with spinal cords.
- Magnetic resonance tomographyThe most accurate method in the details gives a complete picture of defeat, but quite expensive and unattainable.
It should be noted that the diagnostic process is very important, since for the doctor, when prescribing treatment tactics, all details of advanced osteochondrosis are significant.
Complications of osteochondrosis
The main complications of the pathology are hernia and protrusions, and necessarily occur if the treatment is neglected and let the disease develop with a gear.Other complications may be:
- Inflammation of the sciatic nerve.
- Spondylarthrosis.
- Schmorl hernia.
- Spondylosis.
- Problems caused by lace of spinal canals.
- Functional disorders in the pool.
- Development of lame.
Treatment of osteochondrosis at the bottom of the back
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine requires extensive therapy with the main aspects of which are as follows:
- Use of moderate loads.
- Special drugs.
- Adhesion of the spinal column.
- Sessions of manual therapy.
- Physiotherapy.
- Therapeutic massages.
The concept of osteochondrosis "treatment" means:
- Suppression of inflammation.
- Removal of pain syndrome.
- The complex is to strengthen lumbar and adjacent muscle groups.
- Get rid of chronic muscle tension.
- Increasing the functionality of organs in the pool.
- Normalization of blood circulation and metabolism in pathology.
Medication
A similar approach to the treatment of the lower back in the treatment of etteoCondrosis includes taking medicines, injections of special drugs, and using ointments and gels for external use.The main task of such drugs is to neutralize the pain and the inflammatory process.
In the lumbar region, the following drugs can be prescribed based on the degree of osteochondrosis of the spine:
- Painkillers that have anesthetic effects.
- Preparations for inflammation of non -steroid origin.
- Muscle cramps, antispasmodic.
- Medicines used to restore cartilage, called chondroprotectors.Their efficiency is not proven and is therefore rarely used in conventional medicine.
- For severe pathologies, when the above funds do not help, they turn to corticosteroids.
- Vitamin complexes.
In addition to these funds, drugs are prescribed in tablets aimed at reassuring the nervous system, stress and struggle for depression.
Physiotherapy treatment of osteochondrosis at the lower back
The treatment process is rarely limited to taking tablets.The pathology tested cannot be cured without stimulating the restoration processes of the spine.For these purposes, a wide range of physiotherapy procedures are used, the most popular:
- Phonophoresis.
- Therapy with diadynamic currents.
- Laser therapy.
In addition, the spine should receive useful loads, simultaneously fragmented.Different types of therapeutic massage are ideal for this.It should be remembered that the massage is only used to remove pain.As a general rule, the process of remission or chronic osteochondrosis of the disease is carried out as a restorative measure.After the massage, the muscle muscles overloaded by the disease are relaxed well, and its effect increases significantly by warming, for example in a bath or sauna.In the latter case, the maximum effect will be due to further stimulation of blood circulation in pathology and surrounding areas.
Another way of physiotherapy is manual therapy.Usually the benefits are the same as the massage, but apart from such techniques, the specialist can return to the normal position of the displaced vertebrae.
Therapeutic gymnastics
Therapeutic gymnastics is also used as a restorative and preventive measure at a time when the pain and inflammatory process have already been removed.Guaranteeing the high efficiency of therapeutic exercises in the regularity of exercises in this case, the damaged area continuously receives the necessary motor activity for self -sufficiency for new tissues and healing.
Surgical surgery for osteochondrosis of the lower back
Surgery surgery is an extreme measure required for serious complications.The most common of these is the intervertebral hernia when the "disketuality" called SO is performed or the intervertebral disk is removed.However, the operation is very effective, since extreme extremism is only intended if other therapeutic methods have no result for more than 6 months.Modern medicine offers less traumatic methods for performing such an operation, such as a microsurgery or endoscopic method.